Hysteroscopy is a minimally invasive procedure used to inspect and treat the inside of the uterus. A thin, lighted tube called a hysteroscope is inserted through the vagina and cervix into the uterus, allowing the doctor to view the uterine cavity. This procedure is often used to diagnose and treat issues like abnormal bleeding, polyps, or fibroids. Hysteroscopy is typically done on an outpatient basis, with quick recovery and minimal discomfort.

Colposcopy is a diagnostic procedure that examines the cervix, vagina, and vulva for abnormalities. During the procedure, a special magnifying device called a colposcope is used to get a close-up view of these areas. It is commonly performed after an abnormal Pap smear to identify precancerous or cancerous cells. If abnormal areas are seen, a biopsy may be taken. The procedure is generally quick, causes little discomfort, and is crucial for early detection of cervical cancer.

Minimal access hysteroscopy, also known as keyhole hysteroscopy, is a minimally invasive technique to examine and treat the inside of the uterus. It involves inserting a slender, lighted tube through the vagina and cervix. This approach is used for diagnosing and treating uterine conditions such as polyps, fibroids, and adhesions with minimal incisions. Patients benefit from reduced pain, quicker recovery, and minimal scarring compared to traditional methods.

Endometrial ablation is a procedure to remove or destroy the lining of the uterus to treat heavy menstrual bleeding. It involves using various methods such as heat, cold, or radiofrequency to ablate the endometrial tissue. The procedure is minimally invasive, typically performed on an outpatient basis, and results in a quick recovery. Endometrial ablation can significantly reduce or stop menstrual flow, improving the quality of life for many women.

Laparoscopy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to diagnose and treat conditions within the abdomen and pelvis. A laparoscope, a thin tube with a camera and light, is inserted through small incisions, allowing the surgeon to see inside the body. Commonly used for gynecological issues such as endometriosis, ovarian cysts, and fibroids, laparoscopy offers benefits like smaller scars, less pain, and faster recovery compared to open surgery.

Laparoscopic hysterectomy is the surgical removal of the uterus using minimally invasive techniques. Small incisions are made in the abdomen through which a laparoscope and surgical instruments are inserted. This approach reduces pain, lowers the risk of infection, and shortens hospital stays and recovery times compared to traditional open surgery. It is an effective treatment for various conditions, including fibroids, endometriosis, and uterine cancer.

Vaginal repair and vaginal hysterectomy involve surgical procedures performed through the vagina. Vaginal repair addresses issues like pelvic organ prolapse, while vaginal hysterectomy involves the removal of the uterus. These techniques avoid abdominal incisions, resulting in no visible scars, less pain, and quicker recovery. These procedures are effective for treating various gynecological conditions, improving patient comfort and outcomes.

Repair surgery in gynecology and obstetrics involves procedures to correct anatomical issues within the female reproductive system. This includes repairs for pelvic organ prolapse, urinary incontinence, and birth-related injuries. Techniques may involve minimally invasive methods or traditional surgery, depending on the condition's severity. The goal is to restore normal function, alleviate symptoms, and improve the patient's quality of life.

Treatment for cancer of the womb, or endometrial cancer, involves a multidisciplinary approach including surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. The primary treatment is often a hysterectomy, which is the surgical removal of the uterus. Depending on the cancer stage, additional treatments like lymph node removal, radiation therapy, or hormone therapy may be recommended. Early diagnosis and comprehensive treatment plans are crucial for improving survival rates and quality of life.

Management of abnormal smears involves further evaluation and treatment following an abnormal Pap smear result. This often includes colposcopy, where a detailed examination of the cervix is conducted using a colposcope. If abnormal cells are detected, biopsies or treatments like cryotherapy or loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) may be performed. These procedures aim to prevent the progression to cervical cancer and are crucial for maintaining cervical health.